The history of
the gregorian
calendar, julian calendar, precession, time
Chronology
of The Birth of Christ
The
Gregorian Time Warp
and
introducing "The
Pi
Factor"
the
astronomical answer to the real cause of Global Warming
Star
of Bethlehem Sitemap
This
page is
dedicated to Isaac Asimov.
His pen
traveled
farther than any space craft.
|
.

"Astronomy is
the science of continualy correcting your earlier errors"
Astronomy is at the root of the Western spiritual cosmology.
Astronomy, like religion, is the 'science of syncronicity'
between the heavens and the earth.
Our
calendar is a device that celebrates the celestial path of the Sun.
An
Astronomical
Poem
"
30 days has
September, April, June
and November
all the
rest have 31 except
February
which has 28
except
on years divisible
evenly by
4
except
at the turn of the
century
except
again for 1700, 1800
and 1900
but 2000
is O.K., as long
as you remember
that
"October
(meaning 8) is the
10th month
and
December (meaning 10)
is the 12th".
anonymous
astronomer
|
T h e C a l e n d a r 
Important
information to help preserve your sanity
At
some point,
in reading through this information (if
you really are trying to
follow
the flow of it) your mind is going to slam into a
"cultural wall" and
will
not let you "get" the message that is presented here. It's really O.K.,
I just wanted to let you know that "it ain't your fault" :-) because
your
thinking patterns are linear and if you try to vary from the linear you
will, most probably, go unconscious.
The
adjustments
that have been made to our calendar have NEVER taken precession
into consideration. This oversight has produced great confusion and a
multitude
of inaccurate and diverse opinions regarding where it is that we are
(time
wise) within the present Age (Pisces).
Any
adjustments
to our calendar has created two distinct results.
- 1)
It adjusted the
tropical calendar and the wheel of the zodiac .
- 2)
It adjusted our
measurement of precession of the equinox.
Some
of the
information presented here is "counter intuitive" because it has
elements
of time going in two directions.
- 1)
Forward for the
tropical calendar
- 2)
Backwards for
the Precessional issues.
We
are now in
the third millennium and our Macro cosmic
timekeeping
has been virtually ignored. It's like knowing what day it is but not
knowing
the week, month, year or century. According to the present scheme (no
precessional
adjustments) of The Gregorian Calendar we will NEVER
enter the Age of Aquarius!
|
.
Astronomers
measure the length of days and the length of years by the "next
passage"
(duration
between two passages) of a celestial body (usually
the
Sun)
over
a specific meridian.
(In
other words, you know when you have walked around the block
because
you
approach or pass something for the second time.)
It
is in this "next passage" fashion that our civilization
has
created and maintained a calendar.
Even
though we have a jillion dollars in astronomical equipment
somebody
always has to stick his head out of the window
to
check what's really happening.

.
We
have never, until now, had to
deal with the "changing of
an age".
.
|
.
How it all
started -
The Creation of Time
Question
- "What time is it"?
Answer
-
"It's 18 ounces after the 5th quart"
.
"Time has
been
cleaved out of eternity"
.
"Time is
Circumference"
.
"Time is a
Sequence
of Circles"
.
"A Wormhole
is
a Diameter in Time"
.
"The
Universe
is atemporal"
.
"Time Is
Now"
"Time is a Synthetic illusion"
TIME
(my definition)
'Time' is the
one-way-flow of phenomena
which proceeds from 'cause' to 'effect' .
The 'measurement' of 'time' (days,
weeks, years, etc.) is not 'time' but rather 'duration' based
upon the orbital mechanics of the Earth relative to the Sun. The
thing 'measured' ('time') is NOT the thing itself.
'Time' is integrally interwoven with the other three dimensions (space/time) which would
disintegrate into oblivion without it.
|
The
History of Time as a Measurement
Time,
in fact, is
geometry in motion because time, as we measure it, is based
upon
two
geometric cycles (circles). The first cycle is the daily rotation of
the
Earth on her axis. The second cycle is the annual excursion of the
Earth
around the sun; a year. |
- The first
most obvious cycle to Man was the "day", the second was the lunar cycle
or "month" (i.e. Moon). The third cycle was more sophisticated because
it included elementary astronomical observations and became a "year".
(The
annual rising of Sirius with the Sun). All three of these cycles are
"circles"
and when numerous circles were recorded "time" was "invented".
- Time at
its very root is nothing more than "circumference", because it (time)
measures
the outer edge of a circular movement. The Earth rotating on her axis,
the moon rotating in her orbit and the Earth's annual circle around the
Sun have all provided the foundation for the illusion of time.
- When one
considers that every circle, regardless of its size, has Pi in common
with every other cirrle then one can realize that "time" and Pi share
an identity
because
time, as we measure it is based upon two circles.
- .
- Historically,
the creation of geometry preceded the measurement of time in increments
smaller than a day. Geometry was created by the astronomy of
the Sun. A
circle's 360 degrees is based upon the approximate number of days that
it takes for the Earth to travel once around the Sun (a year).
- .
- The heavens
(the "ecliptic" or path of the Sun and the planets) have always
(5000 BC) been divided by Man into 12 equal parts called the zodiac.
The planets
transit through 12 distinct star groupings
called
constellations. The constellations of the zodiac (or star groupings),
as
we know them, have been handed down to us from the Chaldeans (4000
BC).
- .
- It was
a natural step to divide the 360 (degrees/days) by the 12 star
groupings
to get 30 degrees for each constellation of the zodiac.
- Note:
Decimals (groupings
of 10) were introduced somewhere very early during our evolutionary
process
because the Egyptians, as far back as 4000 years ago, incorporated the
Pi ratio (a decimal) into the construction of The
Great Pyramid . Also, Egyptian astrology used "decans" or
groups
constructed
by division of the whole by 10.
. |
Where
we are with time and how we got here
- We
measure
the length of a day
in hours.
- If you
look up the word "hour"
in any encyclopedia it will tell you that
it's an
- "arbitrary"
measurement of time that started, perhaps, with the Egyptians.
- The
Greek
word " horoscopus " (331 BC) has its roots in the
notion of an
"hour"
(horo).
- - An
"hour" has its genesis
in the geometry of a circle (base 60) and in the twelve ancient signs
of
the zodiac.
- - A
"day" (according to our
present measurement) is 24 hours in length ( please
note that
virtually
no astronomical measurement comes out exactly to a whole number, it's
always
some number plus a zillion decimal places) .
- The
day
is measured by the daily
reappearance of the Sun in the eastern sky. The actual measurement of a
"day" takes place from one "high noon" to the next.
- A
"day"
is actually 3 minutes
and 57 seconds (56.55) longer (present
consensus mean calculation) than
the actual amount of time that it takes the Earth to rotate one time on
her axis. The additional time (3
minutes 57 seconds) is necessary
because
the Earth has not only rotated on her axis but has also moved along in
her orbit. It takes an additional 3 minutes and 56.55 seconds for the
Earth
to return to her daily "relative" position, which is indicated by
identical
shadows cast by the Sun's previous (yesterday) position. Thus, a day is
24 'hours' in length.
|
- .
- An
hour is a geometric creature. An hour, like a degree of arc,
is
founded
upon a numbering scheme called " a decimal base 60 system
" (60
seconds of time makes a minute, 60 minutes make an hour - 6 increments
of 10). This method is just like geometry where 60-seconds-of-arc make
a minute-of-arc and 60 minutes-of-arc make a degree-of-arc. Your wrist
watch operates on an identical base 60 principle.
- .
- Believe
it or not, the "hour" was devised by the Chaldeans (pre-Egyptians) but
made popular by the Greeks (331
BC) to enable them (the
Greeks) to
fashion
more accurate astrological charts (hour - horo-scope - the celestial
bodies
that were rising at the hour of one's birth).
- .
- The
day
was initially divided (Early
Man & pre-geometry) into two
obvious
parts:
daytime and nighttime. Daytime was then divided into two parts (AM
&
PM). The daytime portion (and
night by default)
was further divided
into
two parts each - the first part is the Sun rising to the Mid-heaven
(noon)
and the second as the Sun descends to the western horizon (sunset).
- O.K.,
now we have the day divided into 4 parts. (Sunrise to Noon - Noon to
Sunset
- Sunset to Midnight - Midnight to Sunrise).
- .
- Enter
the Chaldeans with a base 60 geometry at about 4000 BC. The
Chaldeans
conformed the day to the (base
60) 360 degree geometry of a circle
(based
upon a '360+ day' long year). The Chaldeans divided the day
into 360 divisions. A day
was
just another "circle" (cycle)
so they made it conform to their
geometry.
- .
- By
this
time in history the 12 major constellations were carved in stone. The
observance
of the ecliptic (the
path of the Sun and planets across the sky)
revealed
the 12 constellations that are visited by the Sun, Moon and planets
(planets were called
'wanderers' or 'sheep' and they called the Sun, 'The Shepherd',
indicating that in 4000 BC the Chaldeans knew of a sun-centered solar
system).
- It was a
natural next step to divide the 360 divisions or degrees into
12 parts (one part for
each constellation in the zodiac) of 30 degrees each. The
12 divisions of a day allowed the
ancients
to dedicate a part of each day ('religion') to the Assembly
of Gods who
represented the constellations and the ancient spiritual
cosmology.
- .
- The
division
into 12 was, also, the first gradual step towards the creation of a
solar
calendar and these 12 divisions became the basis for the eventual shift
from the earliest lunar calendar which, by the way, could never be
reconciled
exactly to the actual length of a solar year.
- (Note:
The word "month" comes
from
the word "moon" and there are approximately 13 lunations (lunar month)
to a year. Anyhow, the lunar calendar was quite troublesome because it
could never be precisely reconciled to the exact length of a year and
the
lunar calendar was always "drifting" and out of sync with the
seasons).
- .
- With
their
day now divided into 12 segments (30
degrees per
segment) each 'degree'
represented 3600 arc-seconds of the Earth's axis rotation.
(Additionally,
each of the 12 segments was equal to two of our hours, but... we
haven't got there just yet).
- The 6
segments
of daytime were each then sub-divided into 3
segments
belonging to morning and 3 segments to afternoon and a similar
division was made for the night (sunset to midnight and
midnight to sunrise).
.
-
- We now
have Man's first "clock" with the day divided into 12 equal
segments.
- Each
segment was 30 degrees of arc (or 120 of our minutes of
'time').
- How then did we
get to our
present division of 24 segments (hours)? To further
characterize the 12 Gods of the Zodiac each of the 12 segments of a
'day' were divided by 2,
thus
giving each God rulership over a portion of the day and a portion of of
the
night.
- This cosmology
allowed for the 12 archetypesof the zodiac to display their
dual natures (light and dark sides) and placed the cornerstone
for Man's first
religion/science... Astrology,
and simultaneously, the science of horology and timekeeping.
.
|
-
-
Vernal
Equinox
that
point of intersection of the ecliptic and the celestial equator, which
is occupied by the sun as the Earth changes from south to north
declination on or about March 21
Despite the fact that
The Egyptians, (following the Chaldeans),
developed a solar calendar
in about 3000 BC ...... farther to
'the East' there was ...
... The
Julian
Reform
Background
-The ancient lunar calendar (presumably
Hebrew and seeming angatonistic to anything 'solar')
created chaos because a solar year cannot be divided
efficiently by lunations (a lunar
cycles is 29.5 earth-days). The seasons (solar dependent)
were never matching the
perpetually
drifting lunar (Hebrew) calendar. By the time of Julius Caesar the
lunar
calendar
was "off" by 85 days (Spring
was arriving in what would have been
December).
It was time to switch to a solar calendar!
.
The reformation
of the Roman calendar was undertaken by Julius Caesar, who sent for the
Greek astronomer Sosigenes to serve as an adviser. The calendar was
changed
in 46 BC., which came to be known as "the last year of confusion" (although,
at the time they had no idea that it was 46 "BC" ) .
.
First
of all, it was
decided that the vernal equinox would fall on March
25th;
to achieve this, 85 days were added to the year 46 B.C. ( Please
note that choosing March 25th as the Spring Equinox was a
somewhat arbitrary
decision aimed at conforming the new calendar to the seasonal cycles of
what turned out to be only the Northern Hemisphere).
.
The civil
year was thereafter fixed at 365 days. The reformers realized
(inaccurately)
that the solar year had 365.25 days, but they felt that the year would
remain in agreement with the seasons if an additional day was
intercalated
every 4 years. The extra day was not added to the end of February, as
it
is in the modern calendar, but was inserted after February
24th.
The
Council
of Nicaea
(The
Roman Catholic Church now enters into the calendar process in 325 AD)
- The Julian year of 365.25 days was
longer than the mean solar year of 365.2422 days. The difference
amounted
to about three days (3.12 days) every four centuries. It is
apparent (arithmetic) that
by the time the first ecumenical council was held at Nicaea in 325
AD that a lag
of about 3 days in the Julian calendar was to be expected, however,
the actual
lag was calculated at 4 days and it was determined that
Sosigenes
made an otherwise unexplained error** of 24
hours in his determination of
the vernal equinox in 46 BC.
The
Council
of Nicea then shifted the calendar back 4
days
in
order to have the vernal equinox
occur on March 21st.*
- * The
real truth
regarding this matter is that the precessional
shift ('apparent' reverse solar movement) since
the Julian Reform (46 BC)
to
the Counsel
of
Nicea (325
AD) amounted to 3.86 days (whether
or not
anyone
was aware of precession ).
- The
actual difference then
should
have
been: a minus -3.86 days (of
precessional movement which was ignored),
plus the 3
day "calendar drift" which offsets the precessional movement,
so Sosigenes' alleged 1 day "error" was not an 'error' at all,
because the remaining difference is ,
- 20
hours - 38 minutes
-24 seconds or
approximately 1 day
- So the calendar was
already ('accidentally')
correct, **Sosigenes was correct,
and
the primary cause of any percieved error was because there was
no computation of calculations
for Precession of the Equinox
(1 degree for every 72 years). Sosigenes was,
undoubtedly, aware of precession as were the early fathers of the
Church. Precession was known around 200 AD (See, Origen, early
Christian scholar and theologian) but denied by the early
fathers of the Christian church. One
reason for the denial of precession is because 'precession'
suggested a Sun Centered
solar system which was considered heresy (See, Galileo). Sosigenes secretly, (it seems)
included precession in his calculations but did not discuss the
matter. Anyhow, they (Council
of Nicaea) changed the Vernal
Equinox rather than disrupting
the evolving
church doctrine. This act of changing the Vernal Equinox also changed
the zodiac because the resulting 4-day change (rather than admit to precession
and heresy) shifted the place of 1° Aries by 4
degrees on top of any original zodiac errors (?) from The Julian Reform
in 46 BC.
- This event
was also the beginning of the end for astrology as a legitmate activity
(religion) because 'astrology' then went from the actual positions of
heavenly bodies to the tropical fiction of the calendar, not to metion
the continually scrambled zodiac because of calendar changes.
- ( Note:
In
325 AD it still took 8 1/2 minutes for the
Sun's
light to reach the Earth so the measurements were 'off'
by two+ degrees / days because 8 1/2 minutes of earth axis rotation
equals 2.12
degrees of arc or 2 .
125 degrees of the
zodiac).
- 2 degrees = 144 years of precession.
|
An
Intervening Adjustment
That Errs Regarding The Timing of Christ's Birth
.
In
the year
1278 AUC ( a b u rbe c ondita) * ,
meaning the number of
years since the
founding of Rome, Pope John I (Pope from 523 to 526 AD) commissioned
Dionysius
Exiguus ** , a monk
and chronologist, to
align
the chronology of the date(s) of certain Christian holy days. Dionysius
convinced Pope John I that the years of our calendar should start from
the date of the birth of Jesus Christ. Dionysius determined (?) that
Christ
was born in the year 753 AUC. The Pope then decreed that the year 754
AUC
was the year 1 Anno Domini (AD) and, it seems, he completely overlooked
the fact that his innovation had Christ’s birth occurring
after Herod’s
death (4 BC) which is a contradiction of Matthew’s
gospel . Dionysius also neglected to include a year zero "0"
and
his
alignment started off the Christian era at year "1" (Even a child right
out of the womb has to live for 12 months before he or she is
considered
a year old). Dionysius' error has never been corrected and 1 AD is
actually
"year zero" so everything in "BC" retrogrades a year (4BC is actually 5
BC). This error has been
incorporated into much of our astronomical and astrological
software.
.
The
Christian
era (AD), now
used almost exclusively
throughout the Western world for civil chronology, was first used in
525
AD by the Christian monk Dionysius Exiguus (c. 500-560 AD), who fixed
the
birth of Christ in the 'year
of Rome' 753. It is generally agreed that
this
date should have been fixed some years earlier. Dionysius's chronology
was introduced into historical writings by Bede the Venerable in the
8th
century.
©
Copyright Simon &
Schuster New Millennium Encyclopedia © 1998 Simon &
Schuster,
Inc.
.
*
In
Roman chronology the era of the founding of the city (ab urbe condita,
or AUC) dates from April 22, 753 BC, and the Julian era dates from the
reform of the calendar by Julius Caesar in 45 BC., © Copyright
Simon
& Schuster New Millennium Encyclopedia © 1998 Simon
&
Schuster,
Inc.
.
**
Dionysius
Ex•ig•u•us
\-eg-©zig-y¡-w¡s\. c.500–c.560.
Scythian
Christian
monk and scholar. In Cyclus Paschalis (525) prepared for Pope St. John
I, he introduced method of reckoning the Christian era (Dionysian
period)
which is still used, making the birth of Christ (incorrectly placed in
year 753 of Rome) the starting point of modern chronology. ©
Copyright
Simon & Schuster New Millennium Encyclopedia © 1998
Simon
&
Schuster, Inc. |
|

The Gregorian
Calendar Reform
The
Julian calendar continued to
deviate (because it is
said, they
were
adding in too many
"leap days").
It has been said that Easter,
a
spring holy day,
would
have eventually wound up in the middle of Summer (This is a popluar explanation
that makes no astronomical sense, unless the date for
Easter was tethered, somehow, to the Vernal Equinox, which is what was
done in 325 AD).
By the time of Pope
Gregory
VIII, in the late 16th century, the deviation, according to their
calculations,
amounted to 10 days. The
equinox of 1582 fell on March 11th. Pope
Gregory undertook the task of reforming the calendar!
Before you read this
part (below),
allow me to explain
The
Precession of the Equinox.
It
will be of great help
in understanding all of this.
If
your are to meet
someone, daily, at 5 O'clock p.m. and your watch (unknown to you) gains
3.14 seconds a day, then after 100 days it will seem, according
to your watch,
that the
person is showing up 5+ minutes late.
Our calendar mirrors a similar situation in that, daily, we are 3.14
seconds ahead of what is actually going on in the heavens (sidereal
zodiac). So, as a result, once every 72 years, at the vernal equinox,
it seems that the sun has backed up by 1 degree/day. So at the Vernal
Equinox the sun is 1 degree away from where we think that its going to
be. The 1 degree of 'backing
up' is called The
Precession of the Equinox
and precession is measured at the calendar's annual Vernal Equinox
(March 21st) and precession tells us how far along, within the present
age, that we have come. So, on the Vernal Equinox of 2007 (March 21st)
the sun was actually at (almost) 28 degrees of Pisces (my
calculations) indicating that we have been in the Age of
Pisces for
2,012 years, (See, images below).
(Note: It is
not just the Sun that appears to be backing up, but the
entire visible universe as viewed from the Earth).
An
'Age' will continue until there is a 30 degree difference between the
Sun's actual position in the zodiac and the tropical (calendar's)
Vernal Equinox. At that time (30
degree difference) the Sun will enter
(backwards)
the 30th degree of a new sign (Aquarius)
and a new age will
begin. After a new Astrological Age begins the span of degrees
between 0° Aries and the Sun's actual position at the Vernal
Equinox will continue to grow by 1° every 72 years.
2,160
years constitute an "Age" (30 degrees x 72 years each) and 'precession'
is how we measure it.
The Roman
Catholic Church's Gregorian Calendar (since 325 AD) ignores precession
and has always tried to adjust the calendar to pretend that precession
does not exist. As a result, most of us do not have a
clue regarding where we are within the present age.
Note:
Acknowledging precession probably seemed like a throwback for the Roman
Catholic Church. Earlier church doctrine (pre Galileo)
had the Earth as the center of the unverse, as did the ancient
astrological model (still
does),
but the
center of the astrological chart is the 'individual' who is situated on
the Earth. Anyhow, after Galileo
flip-flopped church
doctrine by determining that the solar system was Sun centered there
was probably a great reluctance to include a calendar temporal element
that, once again, had the entire outer universe rotating around the
Earth, which is precession. The acknowledgment of precession would have
validated (somewhat) the astrological model of the solar system.
Nevertheless,
'precession' was simply
dismissed, like astrology was, and not incorporated into the calendar
scheme. It
seemed that the only 'zodiac
component' that was open for discussion
was the Vernal Equinox and, eventually, the setting of the date for
Easter (the first Sunday
after the first full moon that follows , or is
on, the Vernal [Spring] Equinox).

|
None
of the Gregorian Reform arithmetic makes sense
in terms of actual orbital
mechanics.
Let's
examine what was really
going on....
Let's pretend, for a moment, that there was no Julian Reform nor a
Gregorian Calendar Reform and
that the calendar was precise in both 325 AD and in 1582 AD.
Also remember that
'precession' has the Sun entering the 30th degree of an astrological
sign and backing through the entire sign (30, 29,28, 27, etc.,
etc).
If the calendar was correct in 325 AD then, at the Vernal
Equinox (March 21st) in 325 AD, the Sun was (should have been)
in the 26th degree of Pisces and heading towards the 25th degree. The
Sun would have, in 325 AD, backed up (precessed) 4.583 degrees since 5
BC when Christ was born. Indicating that there were 1,830 (1830.024)
years left in the Age of Pisces and that we had been in the Age of
Pisces for a total of 330 (329.976) years.
Now, Let's jump ahead to 1582 AD and continue to pretend that the
calendar was accurate.
At the Vernal Equinox (March 21st) of 1582 the Sun was (should have
been) in
7° Pisces (7.983°) indicating that there were 572 years
(572.976) left in the Age of Pisces and that we had been in the Age of
Pisces for 1,587 (1587.024) years.
So, at the Vernal Equinox of 1582, with the calendar perfectly
accurate, the Sun would have been 22 degrees away (past by it already, 'precessed') at 7.983° Pisces.
So the people in 1582, if they were unaware of precession, would have
claimed that the equinox arrived 22 days early (back in February, 22 days before March
21st). So, without any calendar adjustments they would have (incorrectly) claimed that the Vernal
Equinox was arriving 22 days early.
In 1582 Anno Domini,
one
thousand two hundred fifty seven (1,257) years
had passed since the Council of Nicea (325 AD). The
Gregorian Reformers (1582 AD) claimed a 10 day cumulative error in the
Vernal
Equinox date since the Council of Nicea. The Vernal Equinox (Sun enters
Aries) of 1582 AD happened on March 11th (10 days early).
That means that on March 21st 1582 AD the Sun was in 10° Aries and
that the equinox 'arrived 10 days early'. What it is that
would cause the equinox to seem to arrive early is 'precession' OR
adding too many leap days.
(Note:
Re: adding leap days -
If it takes us 365 days to travel in a circle to get to when the
Sun enters Aries and then we add an additional day then it will seem
(on the next Vernal Equinox) that we have arrived 1 day late for the
equinox, or, alternatively, it would seem that the equinox arrived one
day early.)
So, we can
positively conclude that the problem for the Gregorian
Reformers was that too many leap days had been added since the Council
of Nicea and that caused the equinox of 1582 AD to arrive 10
days early.
(Note:
Calculations presume March was 31 days in length in 1582 AD.
Precessional
movement, over 1,257 years is 17.458 degrees or 17.2
actual days (The Sun's
apparent movement is .98564
degrees or 98 1/2 % of 1 degree daily) which would
have placed the actual Vernal Equinox (Sun
enters Aries) on March 4th
or 17 days before the March 21st date set by the Council
of Nicea in 325 AD (17
days earlier
than March 21st because of reverse precessional movement).
So there were
genuine cumulative 'errors' (from
their perspective and being oblivious to precession) that
were made totaling
17 days (March 4th to March
21st =
17 days) and not the mere 10 days that they calculated.
Nevertheless, to
correct the perceived error they cut 10
days off of the year 1582 (Thursday
October 4th 1582 was followed by Friday October
15th).
This is very
curious?
Precessional movement, just by itself , was 17 days which would have had
the Sun appear
to enter Aries and 'preceed the
calendar equinox by 17 days.
Yet the claim was that the equinox of
1582 arrived only 10 days early.
One activity that would produce this result (without considering
precession) is adding too many leap
days since 325 Anno Domini.
(Remember,
when we add leap days we are not changing what is happening 'in the
stars' we are just changing the calendar, which is supposed to match
what is happening in the stars).
Each
(additional) 'leap days' would have increased the
'error' adding to the 10 day
early arrival of the equinox, because each extra added leap
day would pass the actual equinox by one additional day. (e.g. The
calendar
says the Vernal Equinox is on
March 21st, we add an extra erroneous leap
day in February causing the equinox to occur (calendar wise) on March
20th.
I know
that my
'Gregorian figures' are
accurate because they cut off 10 days to correct the
'error'.
So...
analyzing
the data .... it seems that between 325 AD and 1582 AD the precessional
movement alone would have shifted the actual sidereal (star) equinox
by 17 days (arriving 17 days sooner than expected).
On the calendar date of March 21st 1582 (If
the calendar then was correct)the
sun would have been in (approx.) the 8th degree of Pisces. Indicating
that the Age of Pisces was 1587 years along. However, the claim
(decoded) is
that the Sun, on March 21st 1582, was actually in the 10th degree of
Aries and
was expected to be at 0° Aries.
Something was really goofy!
Since 325 AD, 1,257 years had elapsed and (supposedly) there would have
been 314 leap days added during that period of time. The leap
days would have been excessive because the exact length of a year was
not known during that entire period and they were adding a leap day
every 4 years which was an over compensation that would have produced
earlier and earlier Vernal Equinoxes. What a mess!
So somehow ????? in 1582 they claimed that there was only a 10
day
disparity between the calendar and the 'actual' zodiac position of the
Sun. This was an error.
On the Vernal Equinox (March 21st) of 1582 the Sun SHOULD
have been in 8° Pisces and they were claiming that the Sun was
at 10° Aries which indicates that the zodiac, at that time, was 'off'
by 32 degrees! They then cut off 10 days which makes the
remaining unresolved
error a total of 22 days/degrees!
A tempest in a teapot? The unresolved error is seemingly
inconsequential
because when was the zodiac ever perfectly aligned?
How can the zodiac be properly adjusted? I went to the Great
Pyramid ( the 'Rosetta Stone' of the solar system) to find an answer.
The answer is here.
|
Note:
Each
day
added
or subtracted or otherwise shifted in the calendar varies the perceived
length of
the Age of Pisces by 72
years
. See,
"Precession of the Equinox"
The
'true length' of the solar
year, 365.2422 days,
was known by the 16 th century
( however,
they were unaware (also)
that it took approximately 8 minutes for the Sun's light to get to the
Earth and the measurements of the Sun's apparent position were
off
(warped ) by 2 degrees )
and Pope
Gregory undertook to reform the calendar.
He cut 10 days off from the
year
1582 so that, starting the following year, the equinox would fall on
March
21st. The day after Thursday October 4th 1582 became Friday October
15th
(which is
why, to this day, nobody
takes
their vacation in October :-)). The
original
error, ("equinox creeping") however, was not corrected (too
many leap days) so a
widening gap
continued
to separate the Julian and Gregorian calendars as the years
passed.
Note: The
"light speed error" inserted an additional two day "warp" in the
astrological/astronomical
wheel (setting the degree of the Spring Equinox)
which
was,
subsequently,
projected backwards throughout the calendar.
Gregory
then promulgated an edict establishing that 3 days would be dropped
from
the calendar every 400 years, thus correcting the discrepancy between
the
Julian calendar and the solar year. It was decreed that years ending in
two zeros would not be leap years, except when the
first two
digits
were divisible by 4. Thus, in the old Julian calendar, 1600, 1700,
1800,
1900, 2000, and so forth would be leap years. In the Gregorian
calendar,
1700, 1800, and 1900 were not leap years; but 1600 was, and so was the
year 2000.
- (This
was, perhaps, the last major calendar adjustment which Man shall ever
make
because
no one now has the political power necessary to change the calendar of
the Western World except perhaps a Pope and The United Nations.
Consider
the computer chaos (Y2K was a piece
of cake by comparison) that would
be
created in the western world if a spiritual leader attempted to alter
the
calendar by adding 5 days to the year 2005 ! ).
There
is a remaining inexactness in the calendar which is actually caused by
the leap year
adjustments. We
add one full "leap day"
once every four years to compensate for a deficiency of .9688 days.
So we are adding an extra .0312
days every 4 years.
The
"excess" [.2422 times 4 =
.9688 or an excess of .0312 days] amounts
to 3.14 (Pi) days every
10,000 years, after compensating by skipping some leap years.
The
discrepancy has been left unattended because there is no convenient way
to adjust our calendar to accommodate for this slight difference and it
seems that our present calendar is as close as we can get
(conveniently)
to the reconciliation of solar time (the 24 hour calendar day) and
actual sidereal
(star) time.
Food
for Thought regarding the Gregorian Time Warp
The
3.14 (Pi) day per 10,000 year "difference" has now, in
itself, accumulated
(since
the Gregorian Reform of 1582 AD) to 2.98800 hours of time (notice
the light speed association in meters per
second 299.792.458 meters per second!).
I am
unaware
of any subsequent adjustments to our calendar after modern science
realized
that it takes approximately 8 minutes (2 degrees of Earth's axis
rotation)
for the Sun's light to reach the Earth and that the Gregorian observers
were "seeing the light" but not the actual position of the Sun. A 2
degree
difference is significant in the calculation of precession and the
determination
of where we are within the present age.
In 1582 AD when they were
determining
that the Sun was at 0 degrees Aries (actually "setting" the zodiac) the
actual degree of the ascendant was 2 degrees Aries . The 2 degree
difference
actually varied the perceived length of the Piscean age by 144 years (2
degrees of precession) after we became aware that the transmission of
light
was not instantaneous.
(note:
astrological calculations use "delta factors" to adjust the
astrological
wheel in an attempt to compensate for "situations" similar to the one
described
above.)
.
Conclusion
Our
present calendar is a "patchwork quilt" that has evolved as Man's
knowledge
and measuring devices have evolved. The only creation of Man that has
more
patches than the calendar is the Windows
Operating System .
Our
calendar as it exists now is simply the most recent expression of what
we think is true regarding the Earth's movement around the Sun. Today
we
are just as certain of our calculations as were the astronomers of
"ancient
times".
None of the adjustments to our calendar included any
consideration
regarding precession and the length of the age and the collective
effect of all of the calendar changes has been to virtually scramble
the zodiac and banish astrology to the comic's section of the daily
newspaper.
Our
calendar is highly accurate insofar as the measurement of years is
concerned, ( see, Orbital
Variance Theory ),
however, we
are virtually
uncertain
as to our present "location" within the "ticking" of the astrological
age.
- ( The
"uncertainty", however, is quite typical for the mythological
attributes
of this Age. Neptune ,
the planetary ruler of the Age of Pisces, favors "impressionistic
watery
expressions" rather than calculating precision.)
We
precisely know the second, the minute, the hour, the month, the year,
the
century and the millennium ( if we don't get
too close to
the
edges ),
HOWEVER, the start of our counting was not based upon the
precise
transition
of the Age because nobody could find The Star of Bethlehem.
Our
counting started at a somewhat arbitrary point. If we are "pushed" for
an answer to the question " why did it start when it did "?,
we
have no alternative but to shrug our shoulders.
The
astronomical - astrological "star configuration" described in
this archive
is, beyond a doubt, the true place from where our "counting" can begin
with perfect accuracy within the parameters of a "Pi factor".
|
"The
Pi Factor"
The
BIG question
What causes The Precession of the
Equinox?
A wobble in the Earth's axis?
The Earth's Orbital Variance
(See, Orbital
Variance Theory©,
an original theory that postulates that the Earth's orbit, over vast
expanses of time (Ages), gradually expands (farther from the Sun,
producing Ice Ages) and contracts (closer to the Sun, producing Global
Warming).
The
variance is measured by
(mean) 3.14 seconds (of
time, not arc), daily.
The gradule and miniscule contraction of the Earth's orbit creates two
results:
1) Precession of the
Equinox and
2) Global climate fluctuations extending from Ice Ages to Global Warming.
The 3.14 (mean)
seconds a day accumulates to approximately 1 day (1 Degree) every 72
years, which is the rate of the Precession of the Equinox.
|
The
"Pi
Factor" states that
the precise difference between the solar day/year and the sidereal
day/year
is a factor of " Pi " (actually Pi + or - a
"factor of pi").
In
other words no astronomical measurement is a constant, there will
ALWAYS
be a variation that is related to (a 'factor') Pi and any variation
within the
variation
will also be related to PI. It is Pi which provides the perfect
ultimate
reconciliation between our solar and sidereal systems.
Additionally,
Pi, is an infinite
progression and any calculation that includes pi will be either
excessive
(3.1416) or insufficient (3.14159). The "excess" or "insufficiency" is
a part of "The Pi Factor" and it invariably creates a
highly accurate 'approximation'.
How
does
the
Pi Factor affect
our present calendar?
1)
The
temporal difference between a tropical (calendar) day and the stars
(sidereal day) is 3.14 seconds (per day) which accumultates to 1 degree
(day) over a 72 year period and is, in my opinion, the true cause of
the Precession of the Equinox.
2)
Once every four years (mostly) we add one day
(during leap year)
to our calendar which produces a cumulative excess (every 4 years) of
.0312 days . (Four
times .2422 days is 0.9688 days which means that
we are adding an extra 0.0312 days [notice the Pi approximation] every
four years). This 'excess' is reduced by not
having leap years at certain times (some changes of the century),
however, our calendar is also trying to compensate and eliminate the
natural cycle of precession. The Gregorian Calendar has
always ignored precessional movement BECAUSE, precession
suggests a sun-centered solar system*** (See, Galileo
and the pickle he got into when he claimed that the solar system is sun centered) which
was a violation of Church doctrine. Hence, we wind up with 'a wobble' theory
about precession when, in reality, it has to do with a natural
cycle.
The philosopher
Proclus in the fifth century CE, disbelieved in the Precession of the
Equinoxes. In one of his two discussions he claims that the empirical
evidence does not support Precession, in the other he mentions the
alternative of oscillation (later known as trepidation).
One
other ancient text (The
Philocalia or The Philocalia of Origen) which
mentions
Precession, is by the Christian theologian Origen (200 AD or CE,
meaning the Christian Era).
From
Book III,
The
Philocalia,
of
the Commentary on Genesis:
There
is a well-known theorem which proves that the Zodiac, like the
planets, moves from west to east at the rate of one part in a hundred
years, and that this movement in the lapse of so long a time changes
the local relation of the signs (end quote). He also stated that the
reason for precession "... cannot possibly be
apprehended" (From Book III. of the Commentary on
Genesis). Origen
accepts the reality of the
mystery of Precession and then uses precession as an argument (the
Science of his day) against Astrology. Origen said, "any one who
studies the passages [of the zodiacal signs] must despair of
understanding such matters, inasmuch as the knowledge (of precession)
is not disclosed to men." (ibid.)
Origin goes on (ibid.)
to stick with the Church's attitude regarding astrology which makes it
quite clear that as early as 200 AD the Chrich was
at war
with
astrology and wanted (powerfully)
to
replace astrology (science) with the
gospels. (CHAP. XXIII. ----Of Fate, and how though God foreknows the
conduct of every one, human responsibility remains the same. Further,
how the stars are not productive of human affairs). The 'war'
was not just against astrology but science, generally;
and then Origen proceeds to get himself into a tangled knot
about free will, the one God, and matters proclaimed (by
the astrologer scientists)
to be dictated by the stars. Source:
tertullian.org/fathers/origen_philocalia_02_text.htm#C3
***Note regarding
precession as
suggesting a sun-centered solar system.
The
early calendar architects believed that the Earth was the center of
the universe and everything revolved around us and that
a 'day' was exactly 24 hours in length. "Precession' was
considered 'mysterious' and its cause as 'unknowable'. Even today
we hide our confusion about precession and blame it on a 'wobble'!
When
you introduce the notion of precession it (also) suggests
that the
possibility
that the
entire outer universe is also moving.
Such a consideration was contrary to evolving (325
AD)
Church
doctrine and precession
was denied to exist by the 'early' fathers of the Church. It
never occured to the calendar architects that 'a day' was
actually a bit (3.14 seconds) shorter than what was actually happening
in the heavens (sidereal movement) BECAUSE (the belief) THE ONLY THING
THAT WAS IN MOTION WAS THE EARTH'S AXIS ROTATION. The odd
part is that precession gives the visual effect (apparent movement)
that the entire universe, over time, is in fact, revolving around the
Earth. (end
note)
Now
that we are past
February 2000 (leap year) and all of the intermediate Gregorian
adjustments
have been made, the calendar will now continue to creep (by a Pi
Factor)
0.0312 days every four years and amount to a calendar creep of 18 hours
43 minutes 12 seconds per century. We compensate, somewhat, for this
situation
by not (usually) including the turn of the century as a leap year (2000
was an exception to this rule). And, according to Pope Gregory's
calendar
reform we will skip over three leap days every four hundred years. So,
presently we will accumulate a "negative or backwards" calendar creep
(relative
to precession) of 2.88 hours every 400 years. This results in only an
extremely
slight inaccuracy of our tropical calendar being just 3 days in a
10,000
year period (pretty darn close! and the actual variation approximates
Pi
or 3.14 days in 10,000 years). There is presently no convenient way to
compensate for this microscopic difference. Nevertheless, the present
calendar
affords no clues as to where it is that we are within the present age
of
Pisces and the irreconcilable 3 day per 10,000 year difference amounts
to an average of 25.92 seconds of time each year, which is 6 minutes
28.48
arc seconds of the Earth's rotation. Every 10 years the 6
minutes
and
28.48 seconds of arc accumulates to 1 degree 4 minutes 44.8 seconds of
arc. This difference, if left unaccounted for in our precessional
computations,
extends the perceived length of the Age of Pisces by 77.696 years every
10 years!!! In other words, we will never enter the
Aquarian
Age
according to the present scheme of The Gregorian Calendar.
The
Pi
Factor is inconsequential
in our day to day calculations, however, in calculations of enormous
proportions
(outer space - astronomical ages) the Pi Factor becomes significant. Significant
enough to produce climate shifts from Ice Ages to Global Warming! see,
Orbital Variance Theory ©
The
present
length of the mean
solar day is 24 hours. The apparent solar day varies from the mean
solar
day by as much as "almost" 32 minutes (31.4
- pi approximation) which is
averaged
out to a difference of + or - "almost" 16 minutes on either side of the
mean. The time difference between the mean solar
day and "precession"(sidereal time) is 3.141592654 (Pi) seconds (of
time)
per day. Pi seconds per day accumulates to 22.94884425 hours in 72
years
or approximately 1 degree (day) of arc. (Precession is approximately 1
degree in 72 years.) Click here for " Orbital
Variance " as one of the contributing causes of
precession.
In
"otherworldly"
transcendental terms,
the "Pi factor" is the key to the most precise reconciliation between
the tropical calendar and sidereal mechanics, and for Man
and the Cosmos. The Pi Factor is the key to the portal
between two "realities" (heaven and earth).
Pi and time (as we measure it) are related because 'time' (for us) is a
measurement of 'circumference'.
(For
more on Pi click here) |
.
Chronology
of The Birth of Christ
as
recorded in
the
gospels of Matthew and Luke
. The
Birth of Jesus Christ occurred in Bethlehem on February 18 th 5
BC
Click
here for actual chart
(opens
in new window)
Within
the time prescribed by Jewish law and custom Christ was presented at
the
temple within 40 days after his birth (Luke 2:21, 22) and his parents
made
the "offering of the poor" which was a pair of turtledoves or two young
pigeons (Luke 2:24) .
The
presentation of Christ at the temple was before the arrival of the
Magi.
The gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh (Luke 2:11) would have
removed
any necessity of having to make " an offering of the poor "
at
the
presentation.
The
Magi arrived at Herod's court sometime prior to the summer solstice
(June
25 th ) of 5 BC (see box below) inquiring as
to the
whereabouts
of the "new king" stating that they had " seen his star "
(past
tense) and had come to worship him (Matthew 2:2) .
Herod,
when he had privily called the wise men, inquired of them diligently
what
time the star had appeared (last March) and ordered that they return to
him to report the result of their search (Matthew 2:7) . Herod,
sometime
after it became clear to him that the Magi were not returning and prior
to his death in March 4 BC, ordered the slaying of all male children
two
years old and under (Matthew 2:16) . (Note: Christ was in his second
year
of life at the time of Herod's demise).
Herod's
death in March 4 B.C. is an historical fact. His passing was marked by
a lunar
eclipse (chart
appears in new window).
After the visit of the Magi, Mary and Joseph took the Christ child into
Egypt and remained there until they received word of Herod's death.
They
then returned from Egypt to Nazareth (Matthew 2:12 and 2:19-2:21) .
The
predominate
indicators of the time that theMagi
located
the Christ are written in astronomical -
astrological "code" (below)
. The number of the Magi is also revealed. (The idea that the
Magi
were
three in number has only been presumed by the number of gifts which
were
offered).
Matthew
2:9 -
When
they had heard
the king, they
departed; and, lo, the star, which they saw in the east, went before
them,
till it came and stood over (the house) where the young child
was.
Matthew
2:10 -
When
they saw the
star, they rejoiced
with exceeding great joy.
Matthew
2:11 -
And
when they were
come into the house,
they saw the young child with Mary his mother, and fell down, and
worshiped
him: and when they had opened their treasures, they presented unto him
gifts; gold, and frankincense, and myrrh.
|
.
The Astronomical
- Astrological "translation" of Matthew's words (above) are
as
follows:
- The only
"star" which " stands still " is the
Sun at the
winter and
summer
solstices. The word solstice means "Sun-stationary"
and
marks
the Sun's apparent stopping (momentarily stationary) and turning around
points (Tropic of Capricorn and Tropic of Cancer) from its travel
through
the northern and southern hemispheres. The "Sun-stationary" point marks
the beginning of the summer or winter seasons.
- The term
" house"
is an (ancient) astrological term indicating a component of
an
astrological
configuration . In archetypal astrology the 4th house is the
house
of the mother (astrological sign of Cancer) the beginning of
which
also
marks the place where the Sun "stands still" at the summer solstice .
- The time
of the summer solstice marks the day with the greatest amount
of
light in
the northern hemisphere. The date for the summer solstice, at the time
of Christ, was June 25th.
- The
astrological
sign that the Sun leaves to enter the 4th house is Gemini (The
Twins).
- The
astronomical/astrological
"code" shows the Christ (the Son/Sun) with his mother (in the 4th house
- the ancient astrological house of The Great Mother - The astrological
sign of Cancer - the house of the "psychological base" in contemporary
astrology) as the Magi (approaching "from the East") found the Christ
(Sun
/ Son) and is a perfect symbolic "picture" of the Sun between the signs
of Gemini (the twins) and the sign of Cancer (the Mother) which occurs
precisely at the time of the summer solstice when the Sun "stands
still".
The symbolism
fits perfectly suggesting that the Magi were two in number (the
Twins/Gemini).
( Not that the Magi were actually "twins" but that they were
two of
the "same thing" ). It is from these symbols that I have
concluded
that the Magi "located" the Christ child (revealed the location) at the
time of the summer solstice in 5 BC, and that the Magi (like the
solstices)
were (are) two in number.
Here
(chart on right) is the actual astrological/astronomical (June 25th 5
BC)
chart (portion) representing the "arrival of the Magi". It is, after
all,
both astrologically and astronomically, the planets Mercury and Venus
which
ALWAYS "follow the star" which is our Sun. The symbolism is a powerful
representation of Christ's teaching to align the mind (Mercury) and
heart
(Venus) with God (the Sun, spirit/soul). Thus, the "wise men" are those
who have united their mind and heart and follow THE LIGHT OF THE SUN
(soul/spirit/son/star,
etc.). |

Note: The
chart
(portion) shows the Sun, Venus
and Mercury approaching from the East and "The
Star"(The Sun
in this instance) proceeded before them until it "stopped over a house"
(solstice = Sun Stationary)
|
Matthew's
gospel
clearly indicates that "the ancients" knew that the Sun is a "Star" and
were aware of the "Sun centered solar system" with the planets Mercury
and Venus, inside of the Earth's orbit, always "following the Star"
from
the astronomical perspective of the Earth!
Note:
Given the dual nature of 'mind' (Mercury) and 'heart' (Venus) they too
can also be 'the two thieves'.
Additional
Astronomical / astrological observations
Christ
has been associated with the Astrological Age (sign) of
Pisces (a
water sign) and with the astrological sign of Cancer (also
a
water
sign). The third water sign of the astrological triplicity is
Scorpio .
Christ is also linked, symbolically, with the astrological sign of
Scorpio
in the following way:
Christ's
"hidden life" existed for 18 years. Nothing is written in the gospels
about
Jesus Christ after his visit to the Temple when he was 12 years of age
up until his (almost 30) 30th year when he was baptized by John. For a
total of 18 years there is a "blank" which has caused many scholars to
speculate upon what may have happened during this time period.
An
astronomical/astrological event parallels the "gap of 18 years". The
Sun
actually "leaves the zodiac" for 18 days (annually) while it is
transiting
(crossing) the astrological sign of Scorpio (the third water sign).
During
this 18 day period the Sun is outside of the boundaries of the
traditional
zodiac and enters the constellation of Ophiuchus (The Serpent Bearer).
In a sense, the Sun (Son) is "missing" for a period of 18 days, like
the
Christ was "missing" for a period of 18 years.
Note:
This 18 day/year similarity also underscores the "day for a year'
method (Old Testament) of progressing a star chart.
Symbolically,
the Sun's leaving the watery sign of Scorpio to enter the "airy" region
of "The Serpent Bearer" (Ophiuchus) is a perfect metaphor for "walking
on the water" (crossing over the top of Scorpio, a water sign) and
mirrors one of
Christ's
great miracles.
The
Star that "rises in the East" is the Sun
The
appearance of the Seal of Solomon
that is, beyond any
doubt, the Star of Bethlehem
(March
1st - 7th 5 BC)
fits
perfectly into the time frame and perfectly matches the description of
the star
established by the gospels of Matthew and
Luke.
.
The
existence of the "star" validates the portions of Matthew's gospel
which
make reference to the star and to the wise men.
The
"Star" which is introduced in this archive appeared
between two
"Great
Months" (The Ages of Aries and Pisces) and between two "Great Years"
(25920
years) all within a "Pi Factor". The timing of the star's appearance
gives
us more precise information which we can utilize to adjust our
"macro-cosmic"
time keeping system. The "Star" is an astronomical "landmark" and is
the
only one that history shall ever reveal. You can set your clocks and
the
astrological wheel by the timing of its appearance. It allows us to
know,
for the first time in history, precisely where it is that we are within
the present "Age".
|
Research
Materials
(
calendar ) - The
New Encyclopedia Britannica and
The Encyclopedia
Americana
(zodiac
and solstices)
- Isaac Asimov - Of
Matters Great and Small ,
Doubleday,
1975
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©
1997 John Charles Webb, Jr.
John
Charles Webb, Jr. ©
Copyright 1997 - 2008
All Rights Reserved - United States of
America
updates are automatically copyright protected under
law and
international treaties
|
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